Orthopedic
At Aayush Hospital, treatments involve minimally invasive surgeries for trauma recovery or even bone restructuring. Our team of anesthesiologists, rheumatologists and rehabilitation experts at Aayush Hospital are here to make your recovery smooth and rapid.
Orthopaedic surgery or orthopaedics is the branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic surgeon use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal trauma, spine diseases, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, tumours, and congenital disorders.
Arthroscopy minimally invasive surgical procedure by which a small telescope attached to a camera is introduced into the joint to visualize the anatomical structures of the joint and to carry out necessary surgical procedures.
All the large joints in the body can be ‘scoped’ to get a diagnosis and also to carry out detailed surgical procedures The most commonly scoped joints are:
- Knee
- Shoulder
- Hip
- Ankle
- Elbow
- Wrist
Even the small joints of the hand can be scoped with a small 1.8 mm scope. This topic will cover mainly the knee joint which is the most frequently done surgical procedure.
The indications for doing an arthroscopy of the knee joint are as follows
- Synovial lesions and growth
- Cartilage lesions
- Meniscal tears, lateral & medial
- Cruciate ligaments tear anterior or posterior
- Loose bodies in the joint
- Joint lavage for infection in the joint
SYNOVIUM :
When there is inflammation of the synovium, there is swelling of the joint associated with increased fluid in the joint. Investigations prove that there is inflammation of the synovium. For proper diagnosis, an arthroscopic synovial biopsy can be done for confirmation of diagnosis and further management. In a few cases, total synovectomy can be done as a therapeutic procedure.
CARTILAGE :
The cartilage can develop defects, especially in the medial femoral condyle due to osteonecrosis and at times trauma. The most common is osteonecrosis. This cartilage defect can be filled up with either the cartilage taken from or weight-bearing part of the bone and implanted in the affected area or the cartilage (chondrocytes) can be grown in the labs and re-implanted in the defect so as to allow the new cartilage to achieve the quality of repair to mimic the original cartilage and delay the onset of arthritis in the knee joint. The first procedure whereby the cartilage is directly implanted is called mosaicplasty (OATS). The second method of growing the cartilage in the labs and then re-implanted is called (ACI).
CRUCIATE LIGAMENTS :
The anterior cruciate ligament is the most commonly injured ligament which if left untreated will definitely cause arthritis to set in earlier. This ligament should be reconstructed as soon as all other soft tissues have healed and the knee has regained full range of motion with good quadriceps power. This injured ACL is reconstructed using the hamstring tendon mainly the SEMITENDINOSUS muscle to recreate the anatomy of the original ACL so one can go back to playing sports.
The posterior cruciate ligament is also reconstructed in a similar fashion to enhance the stability of the knee joint if and when it is torn.
We can remove loose bodies from the knee joint arthroscopically. In case of infection, arthroscopic lavage can be given to control and treat the joint infection.
All the above procedures can be done arthroscopically with satisfying results.