Difference Between PCOD and PCOS: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) are two commonly used terms in women’s health. While both relate to the ovaries and hormonal imbalance, they are distinct conditions with different causes, effects, and health risks.

Despite the similarities, it’s important to know the difference between PCOD and PCOS to ensure timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In this blog, we’ll explore how each condition affects the body, highlight the major differences, and explain how they can be managed effectively.

Table of Contents

• What is PCOD? 
• What is PCOS? 
• Key Differences Between PCOD and PCOS 
• What Causes PCOD and PCOS? 
• Common Symptoms 
• How Are PCOD and PCOS Diagnosed? 
• Treatment Options for PCOD and PCOS 
• Lifestyle and Dietary Changes 
• Complications Linked to PCOD and PCOS 
• When Should You Visit a Doctor? 
• Frequently Asked Questions 
• Conclusion
  

What is PCOD?

Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a condition in which a woman’s ovaries release immature or partially mature eggs, which over time develop into cysts. This can result in enlarged ovaries and hormonal imbalance.

Features of PCOD:

• Affects 1 in 3 women of reproductive age 
• Linked with irregular ovulation 
• May cause acne, hair thinning, and mild weight gain 
• Fertility is generally maintained with minor support 
• Easily managed with lifestyle modifications
  

What is PCOS?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a more severe metabolic and hormonal disorder. It causes the ovaries to produce higher-than-normal levels of male hormones, which can disrupt ovulation completely.

Features of PCOS:

• Affects about 1 in 10 women of reproductive age 
• Associated with infertility, obesity, and insulin resistance 
• Can lead to long-term health problems like type 2 diabetes and heart disease 
• More challenging to manage without medical assistance 
• Requires a combination of medication, diet, and regular follow-up
  

Key Differences Between PCOD and PCOS

Although the terms are often confused, there are clear distinctions between them. Here’s a comparison table to highlight the difference between PCOD and PCOS:

Aspect	PCOD	PCOS
Full Form	Polycystic Ovarian Disease	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Type	Ovarian disorder	Metabolic syndrome
Ovulation	Delayed or irregular	Absent in most cases
Fertility	Usually preserved	Often reduced
Hormonal Imbalance	Mild	Severe (high androgens)
Weight Gain	May or may not occur	Common
Severity	Less severe	More severe
Long-term Risks	Low	High (diabetes, heart disease)
Reversibility	High with lifestyle changes	Requires medical support

What Causes PCOD and PCOS?

Although both conditions are linked to hormones and lifestyle, their causes and risk factors vary.

Common Causes:

• Hormonal imbalance 
• Genetics 
• Inflammation 
• Poor lifestyle and diet 

PCOD Triggers:

• High stress levels 
• Irregular eating habits 
• Lack of physical activity 
• Weight fluctuations
  

PCOS Triggers:

• Insulin resistance 
• High levels of androgens (male hormones) 
• Genetic factors 
• Obesity
  

Common Symptoms

Recognizing the signs early helps in starting treatment at the right time. While some symptoms overlap, others are more specific.

PCOD Symptoms:

• Irregular periods 
• Acne 
• Oily skin 
• Mild hair thinning 
• Slight weight gain 
• Ovarian cysts detected via ultrasound
  

PCOS Symptoms:

• Missed or very delayed periods 
• Severe acne and oily skin 
• Unwanted facial and body hair (hirsutism) 
• Male-pattern baldness 
• Difficulty in conceiving 
• Insulin resistance 
• Dark skin patches (especially neck and armpits)
  

How Are PCOD and PCOS Diagnosed?

At Aayush Hospital, our gynecology team follows a thorough process to detect PCOD and PCOS through clinical evaluation, lab tests, and imaging.

Diagnostic Methods:

• Ultrasound to check for ovarian cysts 
• Blood tests to measure hormones (LH, FSH, testosterone) 
• Insulin and glucose tests 
• Thyroid and prolactin levels 
• Rotterdam Criteria for PCOS diagnosis 

Rotterdam Criteria: PCOS is diagnosed if at least 2 of the following are present:

1. Irregular or absent ovulation 
2. Increased androgen levels 
3. Polycystic ovaries on scan 

 

Treatment Options for PCOD and PCOS

PCOD Treatment:

• Lifestyle changes: Diet, weight control, exercise 
• Hormonal pills to regulate periods 
• Ovulation-inducing drugs for conception
  

PCOS Treatment:

• Metformin for insulin sensitivity 
• Anti-androgen medications to reduce hair growth and acne 
• Fertility treatments such as IVF or ovulation stimulation 
• Weight loss programs under medical guidance
  

Lifestyle and Dietary Changes

Lifestyle modifications play a crucial role in managing both PCOD and PCOS effectively.

Dietary Tips:

• Eat complex carbohydrates (whole grains, oats) 
• Avoid sugary and processed foods 
• Include fresh fruits, vegetables, and lean protein 
• Drink plenty of water 
• Reduce caffeine and alcohol intake
  

Fitness Tips:

• Regular physical activity (30–45 minutes/day) 
• Mix cardio with yoga or strength training 
• Maintain a healthy BMI
  

Stress Management:

• Practice yoga and meditation 
• Get 7–8 hours of sleep 
• Seek therapy or counseling when needed
  

Complications Linked to PCOD and PCOS

Ignoring the symptoms or delaying treatment can result in health complications.

PCOD-Related Complications:

• Irregular periods 
• Ovarian enlargement 
• Mood swings 
• Acne and skin issues
  

PCOS-Related Complications:

• Infertility 
• Type 2 diabetes 
• Obstructive sleep apnea 
• Endometrial cancer (if left untreated) 
• Hypertension and heart disease
  

When Should You Visit a Doctor?

Consult a gynecologist at Aayush Hospital if you notice any of the following:

• Irregular, missed, or painful periods 
• Sudden weight gain or difficulty losing weight 
• Excess facial hair or scalp hair loss 
• Difficulty in conceiving after a year of trying 
• Persistent acne or mood changes 

Early medical intervention can prevent complications and improve fertility outcomes.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the major difference between PCOD and PCOS?

PCOD is primarily a hormonal condition that can be reversed with lifestyle changes, while PCOS is a more serious metabolic syndrome that requires a combination of medical and lifestyle treatment.

2. Can a woman with PCOS or PCOD get pregnant naturally?

Yes. Women with PCOD often conceive naturally. PCOS may require treatment to induce ovulation, but many women successfully conceive with the right approach.

3. Is PCOS more dangerous than PCOD?

Yes. PCOS can lead to serious complications like type 2 diabetes, infertility, and cardiovascular disease if not treated properly.

4. Can a normal-weight woman have PCOS?

Yes. PCOS can affect both overweight and lean women. Hormonal imbalances, not just weight, are responsible.

5. Can diet alone cure PCOD or PCOS?

While diet helps significantly, it may not completely cure either condition. A combination of diet, exercise, and in some cases, medication, offers the best results.

6. Are PCOD and PCOS genetic?

Both conditions may run in families. A family history of diabetes or hormonal disorders can increase the risk.

Conclusion

Although PCOD and PCOS may seem similar, they are distinct conditions with different impacts on health, fertility, and lifestyle. PCOD is more common and manageable with lifestyle changes, while PCOS is a more complex hormonal and metabolic disorder that needs medical attention.

At Aayush Hospital, our team of experienced gynecologists provides personalized diagnosis, treatment, and support to women dealing with PCOD or PCOS. If you’re facing irregular periods, fertility concerns, or other related symptoms, don’t wait. Schedule your consultation today.

Pregnant? Obstetrician or Gynecologist – Who Should You See First?

Introduction

Discovering that you’re pregnant is a beautiful and emotional moment. But it often comes with one important question: Should I see an obstetrician or a gynecologist? This leads many women to search for the answer to obstetrics vs gynecology.

Although these two branches of medicine overlap in many ways, they have distinct roles in a woman’s health journey. Whether you’re planning a baby, currently expecting, or simply managing your reproductive health, understanding obstetrics vs gynecology can help you make informed decisions.

In this detailed blog post by Aayush Hospital, we’ll help you clearly understand the differences between the two, when to consult which specialist, and what kind of care you can expect at different stages of life and pregnancy.

 

What is Obstetrics?

Obstetrics is the medical specialty focused on pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care. Obstetricians are trained to support women through the entire pregnancy journey—from conception to delivery and recovery.

What Does an Obstetrician Do?

• Provides prenatal care
• Performs ultrasounds and fetal monitoring
• Manages labor and delivery
• Handles pregnancy-related complications like gestational diabetes or preeclampsia
• Conducts C-sections or assisted deliveries when needed
• Offers postnatal care and monitors recovery after childbirth

When Should You Visit an Obstetrician?

• You’ve tested positive for pregnancy
• You need prenatal check-ups and scans
• You have a high-risk pregnancy (e.g., twins, diabetes, hypertension)
• You’re planning a hospital delivery
• You experience bleeding, cramps, or discomfort during pregnancy

Obstetricians ensure both the mother’s and baby’s safety during pregnancy and delivery. They are essential for a healthy and monitored pregnancy journey.

 

What is Gynecology?

Gynecology deals with female reproductive health outside of pregnancy. It focuses on diagnosing, treating, and preventing issues affecting the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and breasts.

What Does a Gynecologist Do?

• Treats menstrual disorders (e.g., irregular periods, PCOS)
• Conducts Pap smears and pelvic exams
• Manages birth control and family planning
• Diagnoses vaginal infections and STDs
• Performs gynecological surgeries like hysterectomy or laparoscopy
• Helps with menopause and hormonal therapy

When Should You Visit a Gynecologist?

• You’re experiencing pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, or vaginal discharge
• You need contraceptive advice or an IUD insertion
• You’re planning a pregnancy and need preconception care
• You’re facing menopausal symptoms
• You’re due for a routine annual exam or Pap smear

Gynecologists are key to maintaining reproductive health at all life stages, from adolescence to menopause.

 

Obstetrics vs Gynecology: What’s the Difference?

Here’s a simple breakdown of the major differences when comparing obstetrics vs gynecology:

Feature	Obstetrics	Gynecology
Main Focus	Pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum care	Female reproductive system health
Patient Demographic	Pregnant women	Women of all ages
Key Services	Prenatal checkups, labor, delivery	Period issues, contraception, STIs
Type of Exams	Ultrasounds, fetal heart monitoring	Pelvic exams, Pap smears
Surgical Procedures	C-sections, D&Cs	Hysterectomy, ovarian cyst removal
Post-treatment Follow-Up	Postnatal care	Regular reproductive health checkups

 

OB-GYN: Dual Specialization for Complete Women’s Health

Many doctors today are dual-specialized in obstetrics and gynecology, often referred to as OB-GYNs. These specialists are equipped to care for women both during pregnancy and in all other reproductive health matters.

Why Choose an OB-GYN?

• One specialist for pregnancy and general reproductive health
• Smooth care transition from preconception to postpartum
• Better understanding of your complete medical history
• No need to switch doctors mid-treatment

If you’re confused between obstetrics vs gynecology, choosing an OB-GYN is often the most convenient and comprehensive option.

 

Who Should You See First – Obstetrician or Gynecologist?

The answer depends on your current health needs. Let’s use a scenario-based approach to understand it better.

Situation	Recommended Specialist
Planning for a baby	Gynecologist or OB-GYN
Positive pregnancy test	Obstetrician or OB-GYN
Experiencing irregular periods	Gynecologist
First-time pregnancy	Obstetrician or OB-GYN
Needing contraception or IUD	Gynecologist
Having pregnancy complications	Obstetrician
Facing menopausal symptoms	Gynecologist

When in doubt, an OB-GYN can handle both aspects and refer you to a more specialized provider if needed.

 

Why Choose Aayush Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology?

At Aayush Hospital, we provide complete women’s healthcare under one roof. Our dedicated OB-GYN department is led by experienced specialists who prioritize patient safety, comfort, and education.

Our Services Include:

• Comprehensive prenatal to postnatal care
• 3D/4D ultrasound and fetal anomaly scans
• Expert management of high-risk pregnancies
• Advanced gynecological laparoscopic surgeries
• Emergency obstetric care, available 24/7
• Fertility and family planning counseling

Whether you’re pregnant, trying to conceive, or just seeking annual checkups, our multidisciplinary OB-GYN team ensures personalized, compassionate care.

Common Myths About Obstetrics vs Gynecology

Let’s clarify some common misconceptions:

• Myth: Obstetricians only deliver babies.
  • Fact: Obstetricians also manage prenatal and postnatal care.
• Myth: Gynecologists can’t handle pregnancies.
  • Fact: Unless trained in obstetrics, they usually don’t handle deliveries, but can provide early pregnancy care.
• Myth: You only need a gynecologist if you’re facing health issues.
  • Fact: Regular annual visits help detect problems early.
• Myth: After menopause, gynecological visits aren’t necessary.
  • Fact: Gynecologists manage menopause symptoms and screen for cancer and other age-related issues.
    

FAQs About Obstetrics vs Gynecology

1. Can a gynecologist deliver a baby?

Not unless they are also trained in obstetrics. Only OB-GYNs or obstetricians handle deliveries.

 

2. Do I need to switch from a gynecologist to an obstetrician during pregnancy?

Yes, unless your gynecologist is an OB-GYN, in which case they can continue care throughout your pregnancy.

3. When should I visit a gynecologist for the first time?

Most girls should see a gynecologist between ages 13–15, especially if they have questions about periods, cramps, or body changes.

 

4. Is it safe to consult an OB-GYN for both contraception and pregnancy care?

Absolutely. OB-GYNs are trained to handle all aspects of obstetrics vs gynecology.

5. How often should women have a gynecological checkup?

At least once a year, or sooner if experiencing any symptoms such as pain, bleeding, or infections.

Conclusion:

Understanding obstetrics vs gynecology is essential for women to take proactive steps in managing their health. While gynecology covers all aspects of reproductive health, obstetrics specializes in guiding you safely through pregnancy and childbirth.

At Aayush Hospital, we bring together both specialties to offer well-rounded care. From your first period to your first child—and beyond—we are here to support your journey with compassion, expertise, and advanced technology.